Physically fit frogs fitness frog genomes change quickly, according to a new study of frogs poison from the Central and the South. Segments of DNA changes accumulate over time, but the speed at which accumulate these changes varies considerably among species, says author John C. Saints National Center of evolutionary synthesis in fitness frog from Durham, North Carolina.
In the past, biologists are trying to explain why some species are faster than scalable genomes that others have focused on features such as the size of the body, frog-shaped fitness for time generation, fertility and life. According to one theory fitness frog, first proposed in the 1990s, the increase in metabolic other species are prone to accumulating DNA changes at a faster rate, especially in animals in cold blood like frogs, snakes, lizards and fish. However, subsequent studies have not been able to find support for frog idea fitness fitness frog.
The problem with the previous tests, is that they based their measurements of the metabolism of the animals at rest and not during normal physical activity, said fitness frog Santos.
"The animals rarely stops there", Santos said. "If you see in nature, animals hunting, breeding and racing to avoid being eaten. The energy of these activities cost beyond the minimum amount of energy is that an animal needs to work "fitness frog.
Adequacy of the frog to test this idea, the forests of Santos tours for Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela and Panama search for poison frogs, undergoing nearly 500 frogs - on behalf of more than 50 species - an aptitude for the entrance examination of the fitness frog.
Frogs frog is executed in a tube of plastic like a hamster spinning wheel and the consumption of oxygen measured after four minutes of exercise fitness.
The friskiest frogs had aerobic capabilities that were five times higher than the slower species and have been able to operate longer before exhausting fitness frog.
"Species physically in shape more effective extract oxygen in every breath and give the muscles,", said Santos.
To calculate the speed at which the genome of each species change over time, but also restored the poisonous frog, using the DNA of the gene fitness frog sequences.
To calculate the number of mutations, or changes in the DNA of each species in time, a clear trend has emerged - frogs sports tend to have more rapid evolution of genomes.
Santos has tried body and clutch sizes and other factors, but athletic was the only factor that always correlates with the pace of change fitness frog.
Formed by genomes faster frogs frog discount change configuration remains a mystery. One possibility is that with harmful molecules called radicals freed, this increase in the body as a by-product of the year fitness frog.
During the year, the circulatory system supplies blood and oxygen to the tissues that are needed - muscles - at the expense of the capacity of the less active tissues, Santos explained fitness frog.
Physical during the activity it has stopped the flow of blood and oxygen is restored when these tissues produces a burst of free radicals that can cause wear and tear on the DNA, causing genetic changes which, if they affect the DNA of the cells that produce the eggs or sperm - they can be transmitted to the capacity of the fitness frogin the future generations.
Before giving his exercise routine, Santos offers a few words of caution. The results refute the benefits of fitness of frog regular exercise, which is known to reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease and diabetes frog fitness.
"What is true for blood as frogs poison is not fitness frog necessarily applied to animals like humans warm blooded, cold," Santos said.
In the past, biologists are trying to explain why some species are faster than scalable genomes that others have focused on features such as the size of the body, frog-shaped fitness for time generation, fertility and life. According to one theory fitness frog, first proposed in the 1990s, the increase in metabolic other species are prone to accumulating DNA changes at a faster rate, especially in animals in cold blood like frogs, snakes, lizards and fish. However, subsequent studies have not been able to find support for frog idea fitness fitness frog.
The problem with the previous tests, is that they based their measurements of the metabolism of the animals at rest and not during normal physical activity, said fitness frog Santos.
"The animals rarely stops there", Santos said. "If you see in nature, animals hunting, breeding and racing to avoid being eaten. The energy of these activities cost beyond the minimum amount of energy is that an animal needs to work "fitness frog.
Adequacy of the frog to test this idea, the forests of Santos tours for Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela and Panama search for poison frogs, undergoing nearly 500 frogs - on behalf of more than 50 species - an aptitude for the entrance examination of the fitness frog.
Frogs frog is executed in a tube of plastic like a hamster spinning wheel and the consumption of oxygen measured after four minutes of exercise fitness.
The friskiest frogs had aerobic capabilities that were five times higher than the slower species and have been able to operate longer before exhausting fitness frog.
"Species physically in shape more effective extract oxygen in every breath and give the muscles,", said Santos.
To calculate the speed at which the genome of each species change over time, but also restored the poisonous frog, using the DNA of the gene fitness frog sequences.
To calculate the number of mutations, or changes in the DNA of each species in time, a clear trend has emerged - frogs sports tend to have more rapid evolution of genomes.
Santos has tried body and clutch sizes and other factors, but athletic was the only factor that always correlates with the pace of change fitness frog.
Formed by genomes faster frogs frog discount change configuration remains a mystery. One possibility is that with harmful molecules called radicals freed, this increase in the body as a by-product of the year fitness frog.
During the year, the circulatory system supplies blood and oxygen to the tissues that are needed - muscles - at the expense of the capacity of the less active tissues, Santos explained fitness frog.
Physical during the activity it has stopped the flow of blood and oxygen is restored when these tissues produces a burst of free radicals that can cause wear and tear on the DNA, causing genetic changes which, if they affect the DNA of the cells that produce the eggs or sperm - they can be transmitted to the capacity of the fitness frogin the future generations.
Before giving his exercise routine, Santos offers a few words of caution. The results refute the benefits of fitness of frog regular exercise, which is known to reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease and diabetes frog fitness.
"What is true for blood as frogs poison is not fitness frog necessarily applied to animals like humans warm blooded, cold," Santos said.
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